Publikationen

2022

Heuermann, D.; Gentsch, N.; Guggenberger, G.; Reinhold-Hurek, B.; Schweneker, D.; Feuerstein, U.; Heuermann, M. C.; Groß, J.; Kümmerer, R.; Bauer, B.; von N. Wirén,

Catch crop mixtures have higher potential for nutrient carry-over than pure stands under changing environments Artikel Open Access

In: European Journal of Agronomy, Bd. 136, 2022.

Abstract | BibTeX | Schlagwörter: Ackerbau, Biomasse, Catch crops, Düngung, Nachwachsende Rohstoffe | Links:

@article{nokey,

title = {Catch crop mixtures have higher potential for nutrient carry-over than pure stands under changing environments},

author = {D. Heuermann and N. Gentsch and G. Guggenberger and B. Reinhold-Hurek and D. Schweneker and U. Feuerstein and M. C. Heuermann and J. Gro\ss and R. K\"{u}mmerer and B. Bauer and von N. Wir\'{e}n },

editor = {Elsevier ScienceDirect},

url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1161030122000521?via%3Dihub},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2022.126504},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-03-30},

urldate = {2022-03-30},

journal = {European Journal of Agronomy},

volume = {136},

abstract = {Winter catch crops are grown to scavenge nutrients over a period of unfavorable growth conditions and to conserve nutrients for subsequent release to the following main crop. Since environmental conditions have a strong impact on the growth and nutrient capture in roots and shoots of individual catch crop species, we anticipated that mixtures will be more durable and efficient in nutrient capture due to compensatory effects among component species. We tested this hypothesis and determined the nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation in the shoots and roots of four catch crop species grown in pure vs. mixed stands at two sites for two or three years. Element concentrations were determined in the root and shoot biomass of each species and used to calculate the nutrient pool fixed in the root or shoot biomass. A qPCR-based technique was applied to quantify the root biomass of individual species based on species-specific DNA sequences. Despite considerable variation across environments, the overall plant biomass of white mustard (Sinapis alba), lacy phacelia (Phacelia tanacetifolia) and bristle oat (Avena strigosa) was similar and higher than that of Egyptian clover (Trifolium alexandrinum). While pure stands varied 6- to 24-fold in shoot biomass depending on environmental conditions, the variation was only ~3-fold for catch crop mixtures, with less pronounced variation in the root biomass. In general, the root biomass was comparable to the shoot biomass in each species. Roots contributed 26\textendash46% of the nitrogen and 36\textendash48% of the phosphorus to the total accumulation of these nutrients in the catch crop biomass, thus emphasizing the importance of plant roots as belowground nutrient pool for potential carry-over of nutrients to the subsequent crop. Although the mixture was mostly dominated by two of the four species, namely mustard and phacelia, it captured similar or even larger amounts of nutrients than the best-performing pure stand under any growth condition. This was the case for shoot- and for root-bound nutrients. Our results indicate that catch crop mixtures have higher durability than pure cultures to environmental variations. The amount of nitrogen captured by the mixture meets the average postharvest nitrogen that is left over by a wide range of cash crops, thus emphasizing that catch crop mixtures represent an efficient nutrient management tool in crop rotations.},

keywords = {Ackerbau, Biomasse, Catch crops, D\"{u}ngung, Nachwachsende Rohstoffe},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

Schließen

Winter catch crops are grown to scavenge nutrients over a period of unfavorable growth conditions and to conserve nutrients for subsequent release to the following main crop. Since environmental conditions have a strong impact on the growth and nutrient capture in roots and shoots of individual catch crop species, we anticipated that mixtures will be more durable and efficient in nutrient capture due to compensatory effects among component species. We tested this hypothesis and determined the nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation in the shoots and roots of four catch crop species grown in pure vs. mixed stands at two sites for two or three years. Element concentrations were determined in the root and shoot biomass of each species and used to calculate the nutrient pool fixed in the root or shoot biomass. A qPCR-based technique was applied to quantify the root biomass of individual species based on species-specific DNA sequences. Despite considerable variation across environments, the overall plant biomass of white mustard (Sinapis alba), lacy phacelia (Phacelia tanacetifolia) and bristle oat (Avena strigosa) was similar and higher than that of Egyptian clover (Trifolium alexandrinum). While pure stands varied 6- to 24-fold in shoot biomass depending on environmental conditions, the variation was only ~3-fold for catch crop mixtures, with less pronounced variation in the root biomass. In general, the root biomass was comparable to the shoot biomass in each species. Roots contributed 26–46% of the nitrogen and 36–48% of the phosphorus to the total accumulation of these nutrients in the catch crop biomass, thus emphasizing the importance of plant roots as belowground nutrient pool for potential carry-over of nutrients to the subsequent crop. Although the mixture was mostly dominated by two of the four species, namely mustard and phacelia, it captured similar or even larger amounts of nutrients than the best-performing pure stand under any growth condition. This was the case for shoot- and for root-bound nutrients. Our results indicate that catch crop mixtures have higher durability than pure cultures to environmental variations. The amount of nitrogen captured by the mixture meets the average postharvest nitrogen that is left over by a wide range of cash crops, thus emphasizing that catch crop mixtures represent an efficient nutrient management tool in crop rotations.

Schließen

2020

von Wirén, N.; Bauer, B.

Modulating tiller formation in cereal crops by the signalling function of fertilizer nitrogen forms Artikel Open Access

In: Nature Scientific Reports, Bd. 10:20504, 2020.

Abstract | BibTeX | Schlagwörter: Ackerbau, Bodenbearbeitung, Düngung | Links:

@article{BauerB.vonWirenN..2020,

title = {Modulating tiller formation in cereal crops by the signalling function of fertilizer nitrogen forms},

author = {N. von Wir\'{e}n and B. Bauer },

editor = {Nature Publishing Group},

url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-77467-3},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-77467-3},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-11-25},

urldate = {2020-11-25},

journal = {Nature Scientific Reports},

volume = {10:20504},

abstract = {Cereal crop yield comprises interrelated components, among which the number of tillers is highly responsive to nitrogen fertilization. We addressed the hypothesis of whether the supply of different nitrogen forms can be employed to manipulate the tiller number in cereal crops. Relative to urea or ammonium, exclusive supply of nitrate increased tiller number in hydroponically-grown barley plants. Thereby, tiller number correlated positively with the root-to-shoot translocation rate of endogenous cytokinins. External supply of a synthetic cytokinin analog further stimulated tillering in nitrate-containing but not in urea-containing nutrient solution. When the cytokinin analog 6-benzylaminopurine riboside was externally supplied to roots, its translocation to shoots was 2.5 times higher in presence of nitrate than in presence of urea or ammonium, suggesting that cytokinin loading into the xylem is affected by different nitrogen forms. We then translated this finding to field scale, cultivated winter wheat in four environments, and confirmed that nitrate fertilization significantly increased tiller number in a dose-dependent manner. As assessed in 22 winter wheat cultivars, nitrogen form-dependent tiller formation was subject to substantial genotypic variation. We conclude that cytokinin-mediated signaling effects of fertilizer nitrogen forms can be employed as a management tool to regulate the tiller number in cereal crops.},

keywords = {Ackerbau, Bodenbearbeitung, D\"{u}ngung},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

Schließen

Bauer, B.; de Vries, G.; Hofgrefe, G.; Gröschl, K.; Henne, U.; Klingel, R.; Kropf, U.; Stemann, G.; Schänberger, H.

Zukunft Ackerbau, Fruchtfolge, Bodenbearbeitung, Düngung Buch

2, Landwirtschaftsverlag, 2020, ISBN: 3784356540.

BibTeX | Schlagwörter: Ackerbau, Bodenbearbeitung, Düngung